The Concept of Honor in Henry IV, Part One Essay - 2355 Words

Shakespeare’s talent as both a writer and a poet lead to his gift for character development, down to the last detail. Henry IV, Part One contains a variety of deep characters, two of which play key roles in the evolution of the concept of honor in the play. Falstaff and Hotspur symbolize opposing viewpoints concerning the main theme of the play – honor. At the time the play was written, honor was defined as â€Å"the special virtues which distinguish those of the nobility in the exercise of their vocation–gallantry in combat with a worthy foe, adherence to the accepted code of arms, and individual loyalty to friends, family, and comrades in arms† (Prior 14). Although honor is an important subject in the play, this is not to say that†¦show more content†¦While he stands for images and ideals, Falstaff hacks at the meaning of honor until he has stripped it to almost nothing but a puff of air, a word. Falstaff is vivid, physical, realistic– a slice of life (Kantor 83). The King complains that ‘riot and dishonor’ stain the brow of his son whereas Hotspur is the theme of honor’s tongue (Wells 141). Henry uses the successes in war of Hotspur, Mars in swaddling clothes, as a rod for Prince Hal’s back (Wells 143), accusing his son of being unfit to inherit the crown. To many critics, Hotspur is immensely attractive and rather comical in his impulsive impetuosity–he that kills some six or seven dozen Scots for breakfast, washes his hands, and says to his wife, ‘Fie upon this quiet life, I want work’ (2.5.102-6). Yet, this commitment to bright honor is a dangerous obsession preoccupying Hotspur so much that he is blind to all else. To Hotspur the more dangerous and perilous a situation, the more desire he has to throw himself helplessly into it. To him there are no consequences; he sees no danger. All Hotspur can see is the possibility of achieving great honors– Doomsday is near, die all, die merrily ( 4.1.134). Hotspur’s life is no more than a military commitment; he desires only to gain future glory, whether he wins or loses, lives or dies. For Hotspur, who glorifies the honor to be gained in battle against worthy foes, the more hazardous the enterprise, the greater the chance of gaining honorShow MoreRelatedEssay on Honor in Prince Hal1001 Words   |  5 PagesHonor in Prince Hal Prince Hal’s destiny is shaped for him by many forces: his association with the neer-do-well Falstaff, the expectations of his father, King Henry IV, and the constant comparison between himself and Hotspur. All three of these forces create in Hal a sense of honor that is an integral part of his education as the ideal king, and throughout the action of Henry IV, Part I, Hal is gaining a knowledge of honor that will shape him into the King that he will become. However, itRead MoreHonor in Henry Iv, Part I Ââ€" Falstaff vs. Hotspur1572 Words   |  7 PagesHonor In Henry IV, Part I Ââ€" Falstaff vs. Hotspur According to F. Scott Fitzgerald, The test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposing ideas in mind at the same time and still retain the ability to function. Indeed, very few people have this quality, the playwright William Shakespeare being one of them. In many of his plays, Henry IV, Part One among them, Shakespeare juxtaposes different worldviews, ideologies, and even environments. His characters usually provide aRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Henry Iv1328 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout the play Henry IV part 1, Shakespeare was able to depict the concept of honor through many different individuals. Three main characters that Shakespeare choose to display the concept of honor are Prince Hal, Hotspur and Falstaff. However, each of these characters interpret the word â€Å"honor† differently. Hotspur has an obsession with honor and believes it’s one of the most important roles a leader has to show. He relates honor to the duties that he serve s on the battlefield and repetitionRead MoreHotspur, Falstaff, King Henry Iv, And Prince Hal1335 Words   |  6 PagesA person of honor has dignity, high public esteem, and honesty. It is no surprise that Shakespeare doesn’t make the concept of honor simple, specifically in his play King Henry IV: Part One, the word becomes ambiguous. The value and interpretation of the theme changes with each character; some consider the framework as praiseworthy while others argue it is completely insignificant. The characters Hotspur, Falstaff, King Henry IV, and Prince Hal present their own understandings of honor which mirrorRead MoreEssay on Honor in Henry IV1078 Words   |  5 PagesHonour in Henry IV Honor is one of those concepts that is seldom defined. One’s reputation is based on his or her honor, integrity, honesty, and purity. William Shakespeare’s Henry IV is a one of his many plays that deal with the varying ideas of honor, as well as issues of courage, loyalty, and ambition, interposing examples of dishonor, weakness, and the deceitful plots among both the drunkards and noblemen. Shakespeare utilizes suggestive metaphors to create illusions, imagery, and toRead MoreAn Analysis of Shakespeares Henry IV Part 11447 Words   |  6 PagesOne of the most appealing elements of Shakespeares works is that, despite subject matter that is hardly realistic in todays general society, the heart of each play retains much in terms of human relationships, central conflicts, and humor. For the scholar the sheer poetry and beauty of Shakespeares language remain appealing. Hence, in a play like Henry IV, Part 1, the subject matter of royalty and civil war from an interest ing and dramatic backdrop to more common themes like the conflicts betweenRead MoreHonor in Henry IV, Part One Essay2363 Words   |  10 PagesHonor in Henry IV, Part One  Ã‚      In Henry IV, Part One Shakespeare revels in the opportunity to suggest the idiosyncracy of character through his command of a wide range of both verse and prose. As a result the play is full of rich and different character parts (Wells 141). Two in particular, Falstaff and Hotspur, hold diverse beliefs concerning the main theme of the drama, honor. In Shakespeare’s time, honor was defined as the special virtues which distinguish those of the nobility in theRead More Prince Hal in Shakespeares Henriad Essay3643 Words   |  15 PagesPrince Hal in Shakespeares Henriad The question that Shakespeare raises throughout the series of Henry IV, Part I, Henry IV, Part II, and Henry V is that of whether Prince Hal (eventually King Henry V), is a true manifestation of an ideal ruler, and whether he is a rightful heir to his father’s ill-begotten throne. England is without a true king, being run by a ruler without the right of divine providence on his side– altogether, a very difficult situation for a young, inexperienced, and slightlyRead MoreAn Exploration Of The Ideological Changes Leaders Have Gone Through Over Time1212 Words   |  5 Pageskings all around the world do their best to please their people and are â€Å"taught† to be a good leader. Over the course of time between the writings of Beowulf, and Henry IV the way a king was viewed in their society, how he was to use his power, and how their morals reformed into the different principles that still, to this day, plays part in leadership. This paper will navigate the dialogue and descriptions the authors give us to find these changes. First, in the story of Beowulf, written anonymouslyRead MoreKing Lear And The Tempest1586 Words   |  7 PagesWhile King Lear was more of a focus on a Jacob-like character and the consequences of his actions, The Tempest is more of a focus on what an Esau-like character would do when confronted with the power they have over their brother. Prospero knows that part of the reason he is on this island is his fault because â€Å"And Prospero the prime duke, being so reputed In dignity, and for the liberal arts Without a parallel; those being all my study, The government I cast upon my brother And to my state grew stranger

Gay Marriage Should Be Legal - 1810 Words

A gay couple from Indianapolis who have waited to marry for years have been quoted as saying: â€Å"We re positive because the mindset in this nation seems to be that it is unconstitutional to say that our marriages are different from any other marriage.† (pro-con,1) This means that gay people are staying optimistic. Prohibiting gay marriage is considered discrimination to gays because the government is not giving homosexual couples the same rights as gay heterosexuals, which is also unconstitutional. Therefore, same-sex couples should have access to the same marriage benefits and public acknowledgment enjoyed by heterosexual couples. (pro-con,1) Opponents believe that same sex marriage is not right and you should be ashamed to be that way. While proponents say same homosexual couples should be able to publicly celebrate their commitment in the same way as heterosexual couples do. (pro-con,1) Many gay and lesbian couples want to marry because they are in love! Just because someone loves the same sex, does not mean they are different or love any different then heterosexuals. In fact, the Family Research Council shows statistics that gay and lesbians couples are proven to last longer and that they are much happier then heterosexual couples. (pro-con) They want to honor their relationship in the best way that society has to offer. They are making a public commitment to stand with each other in good times and bad, they are prepared to go through the joys and challenges life bringsShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legal1205 Words   |  5 PagesHoward Sociology 1301-93431 Gay Marriage Getting married is something that most people do when they find love, which it is an important event in their life. The GLBT (gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender) community now get the legal right of same-sex marriage, which they have fought for throughout the years; on the other hand, some opponents of same-sex marriage have called for a constitutional change towards it. Although there were some countries that allowed gay marriage before the United StatesRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1159 Words   |  5 PagesAmendment, which puts a ban on gay marriage. This amendment entitles to equal rights to the gay community, ending toleration of discrimination in jobs, rights protecting gays from hate crimes,rights allowing advancement in government. However, the concept of gay marriage is still not considered a right the American people should extend to homosexuals. II. The vast majority of opponents believe marriage should be between one woman and one man, meaning marriage should be between members of the oppositeRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1574 Words   |  7 Pagesequal rights. Gays and lesbians are consistently denied rights that are typically taken for granted by the average American. Specifically, gay and lesbian couples are denied the right to marry even if they are outstanding citizens. They are held at an unfair disadvantage solely because of their sexual orientation. This discrimination must stop, because gay and lesbian couples are law-abiding citizens too, who should be afforded the same rights as heterosexual couples. Marriage is about love andRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1564 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is marriage? Recently, people argue with respect to the definition of marriage. What happened to marriage? To get married is a very important event for almost everyone. Especially for women, marriage and giv ing a birth could be the two biggest events of their lives. Many people believe that getting married to the one whom he or she loves is natural. However, what do you think if you cannot get married to him or her because it is socially unacceptable? 100 years ago different colored peopleRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legal?778 Words   |  3 PagesShould Gay Marriage Be Legal? â€Å"†¦I now pronounce you husband and wife†¦Ã¢â‚¬  One would normally hear this when attending a wedding. In tradition marriage has been between one male and one female who love each other. But how would one feel if they heard â€Å"I now pronounce you groom and groom† or how about â€Å"†¦bride and bride...†? In the last 50 years the number of same-sex couples has increased. The on-going argument between the government and the people is â€Å"Should gay marriage be legal?† Although some sayRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1126 Words   |  5 PagesJune 26, 2015 for gay marriage to be legal in all fifty states, thirty seven out of the fifty and Washington D.C already legalized gay marriage. Many support gay marriage and many do not, with widespread values and reasons for and against it. Due to religion and rights people across the nation have differing views and opinions of it.In a five to four vote in the Supreme Court gay marriage becam e legalized in all fifty states. Shortly after that a few marriage officiators and marriage licenses peopleRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1179 Words   |  5 PagesGAY MARRIAGES Some states such as Iowa legalized gay marriage through the action of judicial interpretation based on the state’s constitutional stipulations while other states such as Vermont legalized gay marriage through legislation initiatives. These cases demonstrate the government is the sole body that can dictate the validity of whatever is to be regarded as a marriage, and in this case gay marriage. The power to validate marriage is still observed among the private citizens, religious institutionsRead MoreThe Gay Marriage Should Be Legal947 Words   |  4 PagesDefending Gay Marriage During the last few years, homosexuality has become an important issue for debate. Moreover, homosexuals have taken their case further by claiming their right to marry. Same-sex marriage, usually known as â€Å"gay marriage†, is the marriage between two people from the same biological sex (Doskow1). Since 2000, eleven countries have approved the legalization of gay marriage worldwide: Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Canada, South Africa, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland, ArgentinaRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1480 Words   |  6 PagesNew World Dictionary defines the word married as being husband and wife, yet there are millions of gay activists who are fighting for a new meaning. They believe marriage is more than a piece of paper and a set of rings. The hope is that marriage could be defined as a â€Å"public recognition of a private commitment† or â€Å"emotional, financial, and psychological bond† between two people (Sullivan 53). Gay activists belie ve that taking away the ability to have a publicly recognized relationship or an acceptedRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1351 Words   |  6 Pageshappened for United States, gay marriage became legal in all 50 states. In most states it already was but the remaining 13 became legal this year. There are many concerns regarding gay marriage, and the effects of them involve many legislative, cultural, religious and family issues. Gay marriage is controversial because a lot of people do not approve of it, they think it is immoral, unnatural, and not what the traditional concept of â€Å"marriage† really means. Opponents of gay marriage say it is only meant

Project Management Ethical Issues Free Essays

Melwin Fernandes 200083225 Ethics and Other Management Issues (CIS 485) Duncan Jeffries Project Management Issues What is Project Management? Project management  is the  discipline  of  planning,  organizing, and  managing  resources  to bring about the successful completion of specific project goals and objectives. It is often closely related to program management (Wikipedia). A  project  is a temporary endeavour, undertaken to meet particular goals and objectives, having a defined beginning and end, usually to bring about beneficial change or added value. We will write a custom essay sample on Project Management Ethical Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now The temporary nature of projects stands in contrast to, which are repetitive, permanent or semi-permanent functional work to produce products or services. In practice, the  management  of these two systems is often found to be quite different, and as such requires the development of distinct technical skills and the adoption of separate management. The primary challenge of project management is to achieve all of the project goals  and objectives while honouring the preconceived project constraints. Typical constraints are  scope, time, and  budget. The secondary challenge is to  optimize  the  allocation  and integration of inputs necessary to meet pre-defined objectives. Project Management Approach There are a number of approaches to managing project activities: 1. The Traditional Approach: A traditional phased approach identifies a sequence of steps to be completed. 2. Critical Chain Project Management  (CCPM): It is a method of planning and managing projects that puts more emphasis on the resources (physical and human) needed in order to execute project tasks. . Extreme Programming: It is used in combination with the process modeling  and management principles of  human interaction management. 4. Event chain methodology: It  is another method that complements  critical path method  and  critical chain  project management methodologies. 5. PRINCE2: It  is a structured approach to project management 6. Agile Project Management: It is based on the principles of  human interaction management  are fo unded on a process view of human collaboration. Project Management Development Stage Project development includes a number of elements: five stages and a control system. Regardless of the methodology used, the project development process will have the same major stages. Major stages generally include: ? Initiation ? Planning or development ? Production or execution ? Monitoring and controlling ? Closing The Use and Misuse of Security Technology The misuse of security Technology is one of the main issues in project management. There are a large number of people over the world with very little or no knowledge of security technology which is why certain projects fail. It is a subject which is under discussed but in today’s world with relatively low cost, trusted, security technology is readily available and easy to use. It has become a culture among people who are not sufficiently educated with the tools of security technology as it is easy to use and has somewhat become a fashionable trend. Some consider technology to be bad for the society. People have to understand that this is only because of its misuse. Technology does not threaten the society, instead it is humans who are the users who use technology to threaten society. So technology itself is not at fault. In the field of information, technology has increased the speed, quantity and communication with co-workers and clients. Advancements in technology have also contributed to work being completed at home which imbalances their work and life. Lost revenue and productivity has become a reason for an increased need and demand for surveillance techniques to monitor employees. Employers have resorted to creating separate computer security departments or divisions to deal with both the internal and external threats. All companies weather large or small have the pressure to maintain access to critical information in order to run the business and remain competitive. A corporation with hundreds of offices and thousands of employees would have the same pressure of holding critical information as any other small enterprise. A comprehensive data protection solution is going to involve a lot of consideration and contingencies. There are many things can go wrong with your data and you need to be able to respond to them. There are many companies that have opted to purchase solutions from different vendors to fully address these challenges but can be an extremely expensive approach in terms of acquisition, integration and ongoing management costs. There have also been companies who decided the cost is too high and taken their chances, which is an approach that has often resulted in disaster. In the business world today, the loss of important data can cause significant damage and lead to the demise of your business. The same complex and expensive solutions as the major players in your industry can be cost-prohibitive and unnecessary. Software and People in Project Management The most comprehensive software solution for assessing security of web application, network systems, end point systems and email users is CORE IMPACT Pro. It allows you to take security testing to the next level by safely replicating a broad range of threats to your organization’s sensitive data and critical infrastructure. You gain extensive visibility into the ause, effect and prevention of data breaches, enabling you to drive effective risk mitigation enterprise-wise. Impact enables you to safely assess an organization’s security posture against the attack methods that jeopardize data today. Exploitation of network defenses in operating systems and services, client applications that run on desktop systems, attacks on employees, contractors and other end users via social engineering, manipulation of web appli cations to access backend data via cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection and remote file inclusion techniques only. It allows you to utilize penetration testing to assess your information security in such an integrated, comprehensive, in-depth andseamless fashion. CORE IMPACT Pro gives confidence in your security infrastructure by enabling you to validate network vulnerability, end-user threat response and web application exposure on a regular basis. You not only identify but also distinguish critical network vulnerabilities from false positives, identify where your organization is at risk from social engineering threats such as spam, validate security exposure in web applications. With all this you can intelligently plan, prioritize and execute policy adjustments, ensuring cost-effective use of security and development resources while improving overall security posture. Next-generation data protection, or NGDP, is a term that describes a large number of disk-based backup and recovery technologies, including disk-to-disk (D2D), virtual tape library (VTL), snapshots, continuous data protection (CDP), remote office backup consolidation (ROBC), bare machine recovery (BMR), disaster recovery (DR), wide area file services (WAFS) and others. The Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack It integrates to provide organizations with a complete data protection, archive, and retention and recovery solution. It also extends disk-based, block-level incremental data capture to a repository in another location, sending changed blocks of data over a WAN or Internet connection. Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack was designed to be bandwidth efficient to help minimize the impact on other applications that rely on WAN and Internet links. It can be set individually for each location to meet specific needs of the business while avoiding unnecessary costs in bandwidth and storage.. The features also include data differencing (sending only the changes from the previous job run), compression, bundling of small files to help reduce TCP/IP overhead, bandwidth throttling and multi-threading. There have been a wide variety of industries who have taken Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack to improve backup and recovery performance across a diverse set of support tasks. It helps organizations: Reduce server backup times from hours or days to a few minutes. †¢ Reduce server volume restoration times from hours or days to a few minutes. †¢ Increase backup frequencies from once per week to multiple times per day, without disrupting operations. †¢ Enable rapid recovery of granular Exchange objects that are typically too difficult to recover. With next-generation data protection and recovery solution set at mid-market price s, these solutions can help companies reduce operational risk and costs, increase productivity and resiliency, and improve levels of service. It delivers a common foundation for managing both business and technology requirements and is designed to quickly address most pressing service management needs to changing business demands. The Tivoli portfolio is backed by world-class IBM Services, IBM Support and an active ecosystem of IBM Business Partners. Project Management Software It is a key tool in your effort to consistently finish projects on time and within budget. It allows you to do the critical steps Project Managers must do efficiently. There are a number of benefits that Project Management Software can provide such as spotting problems before it’s too late to fix them, optimizing the use of resources so you can finish early, updating the plan each week so you know where you are and updating everyone’s schedule when things change. These are the basic tools that every Project manager should have. Ideally Project Management Software provides managers with time-saving scheduling and analysis tools as well as archive data for use on future projects. Unfortunately Project Management trainings do not include practical skills in using Project Management Software nor the value that comes from archiving data on every project. Tasks like scheduling skills to optimize the use of resources to finish as early as possible and project software to identify problems early are best done with Project Management Software which otherwise can waste a considerable amount of time if done manually. With the appropriate Project Management Software, tracking actual performance in terms of hours of work and completion dates builds a database for estimating on the next project. Practically, there are far too many Project Managers who do not have the training or the tools to optimize their schedule or make efficient use of their resources resulting in projects that are guided by guesses. Project Management Software does not make the managers more effective, it just makes them more efficient. Project Management Software does not teach you how to define scope, communicate to the Project sponsor but just lets you accomplish these tasks more efficiently. There are three general classes of software available: Statistical Software: To blend in one direction with relational database software such as Oracle or Sybase. †¢ Mathematical Software: MATLAB in the other direction exhibits not only statistical capabilities flowing from code for matrix manipulation, but also optimization and symbolic manipulation useful for statistical purposes. †¢ Visualization Software: Overlaps to some extent with software intended for exploratory data analysis. The user interfa ces common range from command line to graphical user interfaces (GUI) to hybrid drag and drop system interfaces. The Statistical Analysis System is available on PC and UNIX based platforms, as well as on mainframe computers. This modern database technique with queries is very easy to use and also accomplished easily. System for Statistical Analysis among the products are for management of large data bases, time series and most classical statistical problems including multivariate analysis, linear models (as well as generalized linear models), and clustering; data visualization and plotting. Users with a need to write an applications program using a matrix language, the product SAS/IML provides the ability to program using matrices as objects. SAS is to a large extent an industry standard statistical software package. The demand for students with SAS skills is greater than with skills other than statistical packages. Other statistical of the same general vintage as SAS are MINITAB, BMDP and SPSS. All of these systems began as mainframe systems, but have evolved to smaller scale systems as computing have evolved. MINITAB Inc was formed more than 20 years ago around its flagship product, MINITAB statistical software. MINITAB Statistical Software provides tools to analyze data across a variety of disciplines, and is targeted for users at every level i. e. Scientists, business and industrial users, faculty, and students. It has broadened the scope of its products to include quality control, designed experiments, chemo metrics and an array of general statistics from the original software that helped faculty to teach basic statistics. MINITAB is available on the most widely-used computer platforms, including Windows, DOS, Macintosh, OpenVMS, and UNIX. BMDP features a comprehensive library of over forty statistical routines and has set the standard for high-end statistical analysis software. It has its roots as a bio-medical analysis package from the late 1960’s and each statistical routine has been thoroughly time-tested based on the most advanced algorithms available. Current versions come in several flavors including the BMDP New System Personal Edition. The Professional Edition combines the full suite of BMDP Classic for PCs Release 7 statistics with the powerful data management and front-end data exploration features of the BMDP New System Personal Edition. SPSS Software products run on most models of all major computers and statistical analysis can now be done on the desktop. It is a multinational software company that provides statistical product and service solution for survey research, marketing and sales analysis, quality scientific research, government reporting and education. e SPSS products are a modular system and includes SPSS Professional Statistics, SPSS Advanced Statistics, SPSS Tables, SPSS Trends, SPSS Categories, SPSS CHAID, SPSS LISREL 7, SPSS Developer’s Kit, Exact Tests, Teleform, and MapInfo. S-PLUS is a supported extension of the statistical analysis language. It was originally developed at AT;T Bell labs manufactured and supported by the Statistical Sciences Corporation, now a division of Mathsoft. Some of the code has been contributed by prominent individuals from the academic and industrial communities. MATLAB is an interactive computing environment used for scientific and statistical data analysis and visualization. The basic data object in MATLAB is the matrix with functions for basic data analysis and graphics which are text files that the user can read and adapt for other uses, giving the ability to create their own M-files functions and script files, thus making MATLAB a programming language. The most useful capability is the tool available for visualizing data. It also provides Handle Graphic and there is a considerable amount of contributed MATLAB code available on the internet. The above descriptions of statistical software cover the most well-established commercially available software packages and among them the most extensively used mathematical packages is MATLAB. MINITAB is used in the educational community for introductory courses. BMDP and SPSS find users among communities in which they originated respectively the biomedical and social sciences community. Mainstream applied statisticians tend to use SAS more extensively whereas on the other hand S-plus seems to be a package that is highly regarded among the more research oriented particularly those interested in computational statistics. JAVA is a programming language which represents an extension of the World Wide Web capabilities. Basic documents on the web are constructed using HTML, in the sense that once the server delivers the HTML text to the browser, the server has done its job and the static text is interpreted and displayed by the client’s browser. It is a fully distributed, object oriented programming language which allows for creation of a fully interactive web-based system. The data and tools can be sent to the clients’ browser and allows attributes and methods to be linked together. In particular, JAVA allows applets, small applications or subroutines, to be created and transmitted across the web just as static HTML documents are now transmitted. JAVA is intended to be a secure system although security problems do exist with present implementation. However, access to local data is restricted and the JAVA is a secure environment. JAVA has been declared as is related to statistical data analysis software of the future because it is a practical implementation of a new paradigm in distributed computing. It allows not only the distribution of text and multimedia but also of computing applications and data. It is a response to the enormous popularity of the World Wide Web and under this framework, new statistical, data analytic and other methodologies could be made available and tried out by practitioners in other research fields on their own data and their own computer. Considering the possibility of extending the web in a natural way to acquire data in the same way we acquire human-consumable information, new mechanisms must be sought to provide for the distribution of that data. Best Practices in Project Planning Project managers deal with sponsors who are organizational levels above them and sign their paychecks so Project Managers can’t really argue about the best way to do the project. Having data to quantify the impact of changes and model alternative ways of solving problems gives them much more credibility to give their executives a solid data on which to make their Project decisions rather than having due dates and budgets plucked out of the air. The ethical issue and its consequences, its resolution and its effect on Management In project management, timing is everything. Justifying, Planning, Activating, Controlling and Ending it the right way is the key to a successful Project. It is a disciplined process and a full circle project management that holds every development project together. The project plan, schedule, budget, resources, risk, scope, motivating the players and launching all project activities with communication play a very essential role in project management. It must be constructed in a way that reaches a busy, important audience with the right amount of the right information, a strategic marketing entity in a tight package that must be backed up with well-researched facts and figures that speak directly to the needs, goals, and problem-solving missions of the business. Present them with the business case report and explain it via a well-crafted, well-rehearsed presentation, accompanied by the sponsors. Starting off with a strong solid foundation of research and a creative solution to a business need do the utmost to obtain approval and present justification for the project. Plan Project produces the detailed project plan, project schedule, project organization, and resources. The approved project plan includes understanding the potential risks and the actions that are necessary to manage them. The goal of every project is to drive it to a successful and appropriate conclusion. Controlling a project is imposed not to create a bureaucratic layer, but to ensure that the project proceeds to its planned and scheduled ending. The activity of the project rests with the Project Manager. He controls, monitors, makes decisions ensuring that the project proceeds as planned taking corrective actions when necessary. End Project tasks archive the project materials and release the project resources for use on other projects. Conclusion Project management and project planning processes can contribute to an organization’s survival and success, while the absence of project management and project planning processes can lead to an organization’s demise. This helps in developing the concept for the project, which in turn is used to secure approvals to proceed to the execution phase of a project. Collectively these five steps form the life-cycle phases of project management, and all steps require adequate attention to ensure that a project is adequately managed. Costs, time-frames, quality targets, and other relevant factors are very essential while considering the planning process. Project management ensures that organizations are able to achieve strategic initiatives that extend beyond normal operations through a recognized process, thus aiding organizations in fulfilling strategic objectives such as new product development, process re-engineering, organizational change or financial growth. In conclusion, project management is needed within organizations to support temporary endeavors that create unique products or services. How to cite Project Management Ethical Issues, Papers

Report Is About Finance For Entrepreneurs - Myassignmethelp.Com

Question: Explain on Report Is About Finance For Entrepreneurs? Answer: Introduction This report is about the finance for entrepreneurs. The report focus on the ways by which Bit bounce raised capital for their business and mentions the benefits from it compared to an IPO. The report will identify the risk in the financial approach. It also includes the Instagram pivot and explains the business before and after pivot. In the end, the report entitles the start up plan for a business and explains the all the small and every needed aspect which has to be followed by the entrepreneurs. The report also mentions the lean canvas to understand the business fully and overcomes the problems. Describe how Bit Bounce raised capital and explain what is innovative about this approach. While raising a new round of equity fund for his company Bit Bounce, Stewart Dennis found himself in circumstances where each entrepreneur would describe an enviable position. While searching for the investor he met with Sequoia Capital and other top tier venture capital firms and a prior investor, and then he met the billionaire Tim Draper who has shown interest and ready to take part. He met several other people like Arthur and Kathleen Breitman who are the creators of Tezos and there are successfully raised $232 billion before the launch of their new blockchain network. While Dennis was raising fund for his crytocurrency-powered solution to email spam he avoid Silicon Valley not including Draper and turned instead to the crowdfunding method Tezos. The goal of Dennis is to raise $20 million by selling blockchain tokens over the internet to an innumerable number of investors. The approach of Stewart Dennis is innovative because he used ICO approach, rather take investment from one investor he tries to raise fund from several investors by selling his blockchain tokens (Owens, et. al., 2014). Detail the benefits of this approach compared to an IPO. ICO (initial coin offer) is a word that has recently achieved popularity in the cryptocurrency atmosphere. The word is used to classify a procedure of raising investments for some specific project. An ICO is repeatedly compared to an (IPO) initial public offering for stocks. Nevertheless, there is lot of difference between both the terms. Benefits of ICOs The fact that ICOs are open to the public. It means anybody in the cryptocurrency industry can take part if they can get finances transferred on time. With the ICO, the funds can be raised in a decentralized manner for the project. Moreover, the thought of cryptocurrency ICO means public can help form the future of this complete ecosystem. There is a broad variety of different projects raising funds through an ICO. Perhaps the biggest benefit is to speculators. Which is how the tokens can be bought at a low price? Identify all the risks in this financing approach. There are various risks include in this financing approach, which are as follows: No paperwork is required for getting an ICO. For a public security, it is important to have paperwork just to be official and legitimate. The lack of authoritarian lapse concerns a few market specialist and financial skill lawyers that can arise a question on the legality. However, the SEC remains far away from any ICO inquiry, it is said to be taking a solid look at the bigger use of such assistance, particularly with the expansion of ICOs surging in recent period. The liquidity for the ICO in the market has been limited and it has mostly small. In spite of the growing price of ICOs, the regulatory incalculability and be short of transparency generate downsides for offers. With possible looming U.S. securities set of laws, companies effort to instead register in overseas jurisdictions, most generally Singapore and Switzerland. However, revelation in ICOs usually have been restricted whether in the U.S. or elsewhere (Owens, et. al., 2014). Summaries the SEC July 25 report. Into this gold rush on July 25 came the Securities and Exchange Commission. In an inquiry, it finds that the groups made it obvious that a few tokens are securities and will require registering as such. The retail investors of America banned from partake in the ICOs for such tokens. If they do not follow this rule than they will be doing violation of federal law. The SEC singled out the DAO, a decentralized investment fund, which begins on the Ethereum network, as a bad actor. According to the SEC, DAOs crowdsale in 2016 compose a sale of unregistered securities. The pipeline for ICOs just got a lot smaller, said by Arnold Spencer, he is the general counsel for the bitcoin ATM network Coinsource. Although the report of July 25 was not breaking any new legal ground, he added it was a major turning point whereas some other investor treated the July 25 as a bombshell game changer (Owens, et. al., 2014). Search and identify at least 10 different startups that are using block chain. Provide their name, where they are based, what financing they may have received (if info available) and a one sentence description (value proposition) about the business. The 10 different startups that are using Blockchain are as follows: Helloblock is based in San Francisco and it is bitcoin infrastructure built particularly for developers. BTC Jam is based in San Francisco and offers P2P lending platform that has provided over $US5 million last year in bitcoin based loans. BlockCypher is based in California and it is one of the first platforms as a service infrastructure companies in bitcoin. Digital Tangible Trust objectives to be a liquidity contributor and marketing partner for hard assets. Ripple Labs Company is building commercial applications and infrastructure around the Ripple protocol. It is based in San Francisco. Bifubao is a Beijing based company. It is not just another wallet provider. It is known as Bitfoo globally. Coinbase is based in San Francisco. Company grows from small-hosted wallet company in 2012 and becomes one of the largest companies in ecosystem. BitPay is an Atlanta-based payment gateway, one of the first 3rdparty merchant support payment systems. BitPagos is also in the merchant solution space but instead of converting bitcoin into fiat, they are helping the mercantile to shift in the opposite way. Kraken is a completely complaint digital asset trading podium that goes ahead of easy market or bound instructions. What was Instagram pivot? Describe the business before and after their pivot. What was the name of the company before Instagram? Is this pivot consistent with the Lean Startup model? After all the measurements, the new image sharing service, Instagram, is exploding. After the launch of it, they had 100,000 users in week first, after a week, it was 200,000 and in third week of its launch, they had 300,000 users. After that, they made the Apples app of the week in the App Store. They are likely far past a half a million users already and it was not a bad initial month. However, Instagram was not Instagram at all. Instagram was firstly known by the name of Burbn. The co founder of Instagram Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger choose to spotlight their multi featured HTML5 check in project, Burbn, on mobile photography. Systrom said that he and co founder Mike Krieger really give a years value of work into Burbn, lastly culminating in the making of a entirely native iPhone app. However, it just was not very superior in their opinion. Therefore, they throw the complete thing out and started over. Again, after a year of work. The outcome, just 8 weeks later, that was Instag ram. Yes, this pivot is according to the lean startup because Instagram firstly known by the name of Burbn but it was fail in satisfying their founder then they again work on it for a year and came with the successful launch and app name is Instagram (Pennell, 2012). Before the pivot, investors including Baseline Ventures and Andreessen Horowitz participated in financing of a $500,000 seed round. How many investments and exits has each group had? Can you identify any cultural differences between the two groups? The development of Instagram was begun in San Francisco, when the founders of Instagram focusing on their multi featured HTML5 check in project, Burbn. On five march 2010, Systrom closed a $500,000 seed-funding round with Baseline ventures and Andreessen Horowitz as functioning on Burbn. Systrom and Krieger jointly began functioning on a photo-sharing app four months later -- in July 2010. March 2010: Stanford University graduate Kevin Systrom closes a $500,000 seed round from Baseline Ventures and Andreessen Horowitz as functioning on a location-based app known Burbn. July 2010: Systrom and Mike Krieger, who too studied at Stanford, start scheming an app for sharing picture. Kevin Systrom posted the initial photo to Instagram on July 16, 2010. The photo demonstrates a dog in Mexico and foot of Systrom girlfriend's; the picture has been improved using Instagram X-PRO2 filter. October 2010: Krieger and Systrom launch the Instagram photo-sharing iPhone app with eighty first users. December 2010: Instagram publicize full picture support and sharing on Foursquare. The app reaches 1 million registered users In October Josh Riedel joined the company as Community Manager, Shayne Sweeney joined as an engineer in November and Jessica Zollman joined the company in august 2011 as a Community Evangelist (Bort, 2014). How did the owners of Instagram exit the business? Describe the decision variables including pointing out the risks in this exit. The team of Instagram just scored a huge $1 billion exit by selling it to Facebook in the year 2012. The lesson, which entrepreneurs can get from the CEO of Instagram, was Adapt and pivot when your initial idea does not work out. The risk in their exit, at that point of time Instagram had about a dozen of employees and over 30 million users. The exit of Instagram measured the Unbelievable Exit of the Year. They were doing really well in the marketing and users was increasing it might be possible that decision is taken for money purpose. Systrom was 28 only at that time and earned himself $400 million in the deal (Siegler, 2010). When Facebook bought Instagram, Facebook was doing really well with their business and on the way to becoming the number one social networking site and Instagram was only a photo sharing app. Might be possible that Systrom also has this thought in their mind while selling the Instagram. Summary of Business Plan Business: The Company Instacart is an American based company, which deals in a same day delivery service of grocery. Instacart provide facilities to their customer by delivering groceries through personal shopper. A customer needs to choose personal shopper will deliver groceries by a web application from various vendors and the selected items. In 2017, the company has services and operations in the USA. Apart from their website, customers can avail the service of Instacart primarily through a smartphones app, accessible on Android and on IOS platforms. Customers have the facility to pay the bill of groceries by using Apple Pay and Android Pay. Firstly, the customers of Instacart have to go to the store and buy the items, which ordered at vendor, 10 to 20 percent added a mark up for the delivery charges (Somerville, 2014). Now the business of Instacart has developed and company is performing well in the market, and company has maintained their relationships with the grocery stores that split their exiting markup, permitting the customers of Instacart to buy at in store prices. The former employee of Amazon, Apoorva Mehta started the Instacart. Organizations started their services in Palo Alto, San Francisco and Mountain View. The valuation by the investors of this startup company has $2 billion as of may 2015. The organization had about 200 workers in April 2015. The investors of the company are Kleiner Perkins Caufield and Byers, Dragoneer Investment Group, Valiant Group, Comcast Group, Thrive Capital, Angel Investor Martin Romero, Khosla Ventures, Y Combinator, Andreessen Horowitz and Sequoia Capital. $275 million was the total funding in January 2015 (Eme, et. al., 2016). Forbes named Instacart the most promising company in America. Whole Foods Market Inc. Company did partnership with Instacart and invested in the company in 2016. Instacart announced in September 2016, to an expansion in the North Chicago zone (Rougs, et. al., 2014). It was reported that in March 2017, company raised a huge amount of new financial support round of $400 million dollars i n new venture capital that appreciated the grocery delivery service at roughly around $3.4 billion dollars. Financial Metrics There are four important financial metrics, which helps in, evaluate a company: Liquidity on the balance sheet: The most important we look on the balance sheet is liquidity in the form of cash. To evaluate this we have to take out the current ratio. It is a measure of working capital. Essentially, it compares the current assets where they determined the assets, which convert into cash in the next year, along with current liabilities that are compulsion, which have to be paid in the next year. What a company wants to look for evaluating their performance is a 2:1 ratio of liquidity to debt. Where companies shows double the assets and single liability. Earnings growth and growth of net income on the Income Statement: The income statement of a company includes some important key financial metrics. The most important is growth of profit and the increase in the net income. What every entrepreneur wants to see if business is growing. Return on Assets: it is important to look on return on assets that is using two of the financial statements. Return on equity, return on capital and return on assets. These all are evaluated what the incomes are accomplishing. Operating cash flow from the cash flow statement: The last metric is to see the cash flow statement. Is the business bringing in real cash? Is the business generating cash by selling their products? What we have to look in the statement is operating cash flow in the business (Zott, et. al., 2010). Balance Sheet Lean Canvas Conclusion The report concludes the process used by the Dennis in raising money for his company Bitbounce. He use spam email and his target was to raise the $20 million by selling his blockchain. The report also includes the ten starts up plans their based location and their name. The report also clearly mentions the benefits of ICO approach for fund raising. In b section, the report concludes the Instagram pivot, shows the development of Instagram, and mentions the old name of Instagram that is Burbn. In last, there is a plan for business idea and name of that business idea is Instacart all the information related to idea is explained in the report including financial statements. References: Bhme, R., Christin, N., Edelman, B., and Moore, T. (2015) Bitcoin: Economics, technology, and governance.The Journal of Economic Perspectives,29(2), pp. 213-238. Bort, J. (2014) Instagram's Kevin Systrom: People Keep Asking If My $1 Billion Was Too Small. [Online]. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.in/Instagrams-Kevin-Systrom-People-Keep-Asking-If-My-1-Billion-Was-Too-Small/articleshow/38689569.cms (Accessed: 30 August 2017) Chesbrough, H. (2010) Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers.Long range planning,43(2), pp. 354-363. Dong, F., Hennessy, D. A., and Jensen, H. H. (2010) Contract and exit decisions in finisher hog production.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,92(3), pp. 667-684. Dyster, B., and Meredith, D. (2012)Australia in the global economy: Continuity and change. UK: Cambridge University Press Lane, R. (2014)You Only Have to be Right Once: The Unprecedented Rise of the Instant Tech Billionaires. UK: Penguin. Mosca, M., and Stebila, D. (2010) Quantum coins.Error-Correcting Codes, Finite Geometries and Cryptography,523, pp. 35-47. Osterwalder, A., and Pigneur, Y. (2010)Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers. USA: John Wiley Sons. Owens, T., and Fernandez, O. (2014)The lean enterprise: How corporations can innovate like startups. USA: John Wiley Sons. Pennell, A. (2012) Want to Have An Exit Like Instagram? Here's Something Every Founder Needs to Know. [Online]. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/instagrams-amazing-1b-exit-and-the-founder-skill-behind-it-2012-4?IR=T (Accessed: 30 August 2017) Rocha, V., Carneiro, A., and Varum, C. A. (2015) Entry and exit dynamics of nascent business owners.Small Business Economics,45(1), pp. 63-84. Siegler, M. (2010) A Pivotal Pivot. [Online]. Available at: https://techcrunch.com/2010/11/08/instagram-a-pivotal-pivot/ (accessed: 30 August 2017). Swan, M. (2015)Blockchain: Blueprint for a new economy. USA: O'Reilly Media, Inc. Zott, C., and Amit, R. (2010) Business model design: an activity system perspective.Long range planning,43(2), pp. 216-226. Rougs, J. F., and Montreuil, B. (2014) Crowdsourcing delivery: New interconnected business models to reinvent delivery. In 1 st International Physical Internet Conference. pp. 28-30. Eme, U., atay, B., and Bozkaya, B. (2016) an adaptive large neighborhood searches for an e-grocery delivery routing problem.Computers Operations Research,69, pp. 109-125. Somerville, H. (2014) Startup Instacart hopes to dominate grocery delivery. [Online]. Available at: https://azdailysun.com/content/tncms/assets/v3/eedition/7/36/7368a729-9b7d-591b-985c-b51abac3ced3/52eded3a91bd7.pdf.pdf (Accessed: 04 September 2017).

Xbox Essay Example For Students

Xbox Essay Usability Testing on Microsoft Xbox Product usability testing has been around for quite a while now for the sole purpose of providing the consumers with the best product a company can. Some companies hire specific testing consultants who specialize in product testing and other companies just release beta versions of their product to a small market and collect feedback. Companies like Sony or Nintendo hire companies that test their products and make sure there are no problems with the product. Software companies, on the other hand, release test versions, also known as beta versions, of their products and improve their final product based on the feedback from the beta users. There are many products that are released to the public that are not thoroughly tested. These products get tested like any other products, but they just dont get tweaked and changed enough to be the best that they can be. This situation can be the result of the testing company not having enough knowledge of the pro duct or poor diversity of the test groups or target audience. An example of a product not tested enough is the Microsoft Xbox. The Xbox, a game console released on November of 2001, marked Microsofts official entry in the gaming industry. Immediately after the release, users stated the Xbox was rushed into production and wasnt properly tested. However, articles titled, CES 2001: Microsoft Discusses the Announcement and Xbox Product Testing Initiated, both written by Shahed Ahmed, state that Microsoft did officially test their product, the Xbox and its peripherals, before making it available to the public. After Microsoft released the Xbox, the public rushed to purchase the video game console. Almost immediately, complaints start to appear about the console. A small percentage of Xbox units were defective as stated in an article titled, Microsoft Addresses Report on Xbox Defects, by Shahed Ahmed. Defects in a small percentage of any products sold happen often. However, another compla int surfaced shortly after the Xbox was released: the controller was over sized and the button configuration was inconvenient for certain games. Microsoft quickly addressed this complaint by releasing a redesigned controller that was smaller and had a more convenient button configuration. The release of the new controller Microsoft is well documented in the article written by Giancarlo Varanini titled, Redesigned Xbox Controller in the Works.The Microsoft Xbox is a great example of how a product is never perfect, no matter how much it is tested prior its release. Product usability testing will never catch all the flaws, in my opinion, because either the test groups are not diverse enough or there is not enough time to efficiently test a given product. However, increasing the variety of test subjects along with the size of the test groups would certainly reduce the problem,References1. Ahmed, S. (2000, December 19). Gamespot News: Xbox Product Testing Initiated. Retrieved from http:/ /www.gamespot.com/news/2000/12/19/news _2666638.html, July 29, 2005. We will write a custom essay on Xbox specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 2. Ahmed, S. (2001, January 6). Gamespot News: CES 2001: Microsoft Discusses Announcement. Retrieved from http://www.gamespot.com/news/ 2001/01/06/news_2671946.html, July 29, 2005. 3. Ahmed, S. (2001, January 6). Gamespot News: CES 2001: Xbox Controller. Retrieved from http://www.gamespot.com/news/2001/01/06/ news_2671752.html, July 29, 2005. 4. Ahmed, S. (2001, January 7). Gamespot News: Microsoft Addresses Report on Xbox Defects. Retrieved from http://www.gamespot.com/news/ 2002/01/07/news_2836831.html, July 29, 2005. 5. Varanini, G. (2002, March 4). Gamespot News: Redesigned Xbox Controller in the Works. Retrieved from http://www.gamespot.com/news/ 2002/03/04/news_2852514.html, July 29, 2005.

Biography of Amelia Earhart, Pioneering Female Pilot

Biography of Amelia Earhart, Pioneering Female Pilot Amelia Earhart (born Amelia Mary Earhart; July 24, 1897–July 2, 1937 [date of disappearance]) was the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean and the first person to make a solo flight across both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans.  She also set several height and speed records in an airplane. Despite all these records, Amelia Earhart is perhaps best remembered for her mysterious disappearance on July 2, 1937, which has become one of the enduring mysteries of the 20th century. Fast Facts: Amelia Earhart Known For:  The first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean, the first person to make a solo flight across both the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans, mysteriously disappeared flying over the Pacific Ocean on July 2, 1937Also Known As:  Amelia Mary Earhart, Lady LindyBorn:  July 24, 1897 in Atchison, KansasParents: Amy and Edwin EarhartDied:  Date unknown; Earharts plane vanished on July 2, 1937Education: Hyde Park High School, Ogontz SchoolPublished Works: 20 Hrs., 40 Min.: Our Flight in the Friendship,  The Fun of ItAwards and Honors: Distinguished Flying Cross, Cross of Knight of the  Legion of Honor, Gold Medal of the  National Geographic SocietySpouse: George PutnamNotable Quote: â€Å"The most effective way to do it is to do it.† Early Life Amelia Mary Earhart was born  on July 24, 1897, in Atchison, Kansas to Amy and Edwin Earhart. Her father was a lawyer for a railroad company, a job that required frequent moving, so Amelia Earhart and her sister lived with their grandparents until Amelia was  12. As a teenager, Amelia moved around with her parents for a few years, until her father lost his job due to a drinking problem. Tired of her husband’s alcoholism and the family’s increasing money troubles, Amy Earhart moved herself and her daughters to Chicago, leaving their father behind in Minnesota. Earhart graduated from Chicago’s Hyde Park High School and went on to the Ogontz School in Philadelphia. She soon dropped out to become a nurse for returning  World War I  soldiers and for victims of the  influenza epidemic of 1918. She made several attempts to study medicine and she worked as a social worker, but once she discovered flying, aviation became her sole passion. First Flights In 1920 when she was 23 years old, Earhart developed an interest  in airplanes. While visiting her father in California, she attended an air show and decided to try flying for herself. Earhart took her first flying lesson in 1921. She received her â€Å"Aviator Pilot† certification from the Federation Aeronautique Internationale on May 16, 1921. Working several jobs, Earhart saved up the money to buy her own airplane, a small Kinner Airster she called the  Canary. In the  Canary, she broke the women’s altitude record in 1922 by becoming the first woman to reach 14,000 feet in an airplane. The First Woman to Fly Over the Atlantic In 1927, aviator  Charles Lindbergh  made history by becoming the first person to fly non-stop across the Atlantic, from the U.S. to England. A year later, publisher George Putnam tapped Amelia Earhart to be the first woman to fly across the Atlantic- as a passenger. The pilot and navigator were both men. On June 17, 1928, the journey began when the  Friendship, a Fokker F7, took off from Newfoundland, Canada bound for England. Ice and fog made the trip difficult and Earhart spent much of the flight scribbling notes in a journal, while Bill Stultz and Louis Gordon handled the plane. 20 Hours, 40 Minutes On June 18, 1928, after 20 hours and 40 minutes in the air, the  plane landed in South Wales. Although Earhart said she did not contribute any more to the flight than â€Å"a sack of potatoes† would have, the press saw her accomplishment differently. They started calling Earhart â€Å"Lady Lindy,† after Charles Lindbergh. Amelia Earhart became an instant celebrity as a woman aviator. Shortly after her trip, Earhart published the book 20 Hrs., 40 Min.: Our Flight in the Friendship, which detailed her experiences. She began to give lectures and fly in shows, again setting records. More Record-Breaking In August 1928 Earhart flew solo across the United States and back- the first time a female pilot had made the journey alone. In 1929, she founded and participated in the Woman’s Air Derby, an airplane race from Santa Monica, California to Cleveland, Ohio. Earhart finished third, behind noted pilots Louise Thaden and Gladys O’Donnell. In 1931, Earhart married George Putnam. This same year she co-founded a professional international organization for female pilots. Earhart was the first president. The Ninety-Niners, named because it originally had 99 members, still represents and supports female pilots today. Earhart published a second book about her accomplishments,  The Fun of It, in 1932. Solo Across the Ocean Having won multiple competitions, flown in air shows, and set new altitude records, Earhart began looking for a bigger challenge. In 1932, she decided to become the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic. On May 20, 1932, she took off again from Newfoundland, piloting a small Lockheed Vega. It was a dangerous trip: clouds and fog made it difficult to navigate, her plane’s wings became covered with ice, and the plane developed a fuel leak about two-thirds of the way across the ocean. Worse,  the altimeter  stopped working, so Earhart had no idea how far above the ocean’s surface her plane was- a situation that nearly resulted in her crashing into the water. Touched Down in a Sheep Pasture in Ireland In serious danger, Earhart abandoned her plans to land at Southampton, England, and made for the first bit of land she saw. She touched down in a sheep pasture in Ireland on May 21, 1932, becoming the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic and the first person to fly across the Atlantic twice. The solo Atlantic crossing was followed by more book deals, meetings with heads of state, and a lecture tour, as well as more flying competitions. In 1935, Earhart made a solo flight from Hawaii to Oakland, California, becoming the first person to fly solo from Hawaii to the U.S. mainland. This trip also made Earhart the first person to fly solo across both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. New Goals Not long after making her Pacific flight in 1935, Amelia Earhart decided she wanted to try flying around the entire world. A U.S. Army Air Service crew had made the trip in 1924 and male aviator Wiley Post flew around the world by himself in 1931 and 1933. Earhart had two new goals. First, she wanted to be the first woman to fly solo around the world. Second, she wanted to fly around the world at or near the equator, the planet’s widest point: The previous flights had both circled the world much closer to the  North Pole, where the distance was shortest. The Most Difficult Point in the Trip Earhart and her navigator Fred Noonan plotted their course around the world. The most difficult point in the trip would be the flight from Papua New Guinea to Hawaii because it required a fuel stop at Howland Island, a small coral island about 1,700 miles west of Hawaii. Aviation maps were poor at the time and the island would be difficult to find from the air, but the fuel stop was necessary. During last minute preparation for the flight, Earhart decided not to take the full-sized radio antenna that Lockheed recommended, instead opting for a smaller antenna. The new antenna was lighter, but it also could not transmit or receive signals as well, especially in bad weather. The First Leg On May 21, 1937, Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan took off from Oakland, California, on the first leg of their trip. The plane landed first in Puerto Rico and then in several other locations in the Caribbean before heading to Senegal. They crossed Africa, stopping several times for fuel and supplies, then went on to  Eritrea, India, Burma, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. There, Earhart and Noonan prepared for the toughest stretch of the trip- the landing at Howland Island. Since every pound in the plane meant more fuel used, Earhart removed every non-essential item- even the parachutes. The plane was checked by mechanics to ensure it was in top condition. However, Earhart and Noonan had been flying for over a month straight by this time and both were tired. Last Leg On July 2, 1937, Earhart’s plane left Papua New Guinea  heading toward Howland Island. For the first seven hours, Earhart and Noonan stayed in radio contact with the airstrip in Papua New Guinea. After that, they made intermittent radio contact with a Coast Guard ship patrolling the waters below. However, the reception was poor and messages between the plane and the  ship were frequently lost or garbled. The Plane Disappears Two hours after Earhart’s scheduled arrival at Howland Island, on July 2, 1937, the  Coast Guard ship received a final static-filled message that indicated Earhart and Noonan could not see the ship or the island and they were almost out of fuel. The crew of the  ship tried to signal the ship’s location by sending up black smoke, but the plane did not appear. Neither the plane, Earhart, or Noonan were ever seen or heard from again. Naval ships and aircraft began to search for Earharts aircraft. On July 19, 1937, they abandoned their search and in October 1937, Putnam abandoned his private search. In 1939, Amelia Earhart was declared legally dead in a court in California Legacy During her lifetime, Amelia Earhart  captured the imagination of the public. As a woman daring to do what few women- or men- had done, at a time when the organized womens movement had virtually disappeared, she represented a woman willing to break out of traditional roles. The mystery of what happened to Earhart, Noonan, and the plane has not yet been solved. Theories say they might have crashed over the ocean or crashed on Howland Island or a nearby island without the ability to contact help. Other theories have proposed that they were shot down by the Japanese, or were captured or killed by the Japanese. In 1999, British  archaeologists claimed to have found artifacts  on a small island in the South Pacific that contained Earhart’s DNA, but the evidence is not conclusive. Near the plane’s last known location, the ocean reaches depths of 16,000 feet, well below the range of today’s deep-sea diving equipment. If the plane sank into those depths, it may never be recovered. Sources â€Å"Amelia Earhart.†Ã‚  American Heritage.Burke, John.  Winged Legend: The Story of Amelia Earhart. Ballantine Books, 1971.Loomis, Vincent V.  Amelia Earhart, the Final Story. Random House, 1985.

Transformative Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Transformative Theory - Essay Example The learning theory discussed is the transformative theory, which explains learning as a personal generation of knowledge and intelligence. The theory asserts that each person has some level of individual intelligence, which aids him or her in the learning process. Therefore, the theory focuses on an inner part of us that gives us understanding of different issues. Transformative theory also states that individuals tend to have different goals as they grow up and understand themselves (Nock,  1999).Therefore, the study of self is categorized as a stage of the learning process of an individual. With time, a person gets to know the kinds of things that interest him or her, and the kinds of choices that he or she needs to make in life. The theory also believes that learning will occur differently for different individuals. This implies that, individuals tend to be affected by different atmospheres in which they learn. The theory assumes that learning should be characterized by self-mo tivation and belief in oneself. Therefore, according to this theory, it is upon the learners to decide and direct their own learning. They need to understand and motivate themselves in the learning process through their thoughts and insights. A person’s thoughts can shape his or her understanding greatly since they might be negative or positive. For instance, if an individual develops negative understanding towards a particular subject, this will greatly affect his or her capacity to understand the subject clearly.   In this discussion, the transformative theory will be appropriate in assessing learners’ attitudes towards the issue of self-care with diabetes. This is because; learners’ interest in the subject will determine their understanding significantly. In addition, according to the theory, learners should have some knowledge about the subject before being taught (Learning Theories.com, 2013). Therefore, teaching the subject should act as giving additiona l knowledge to the learners. Description of the Learners The learners that I will choose are patients suffering from diabetes. These are individuals who have already dealt with the subject matter previously. In addition, the subject affects the learners directly and thus, effective understanding will be required in order to ensure that the learners benefit from the teaching. To ensure full attention from the learners, the teaching will have to be resourceful with new ideas, which are different from the ones that learners have encountered before. This way, learners will be more motivated to listen to the subject. Relationship between the theory and the Learners The above-discussed theory will be appropriate for the learners because; it will enable them to benefit more from the teaching. When the learners are taught while they are self-motivated, then they will obtain more knowledge from the study than if another theory that does not use self-motivation was being used. Therefore, the transformative theory will be the most appropriate for the learners because; the subject that is being discussed concerns the learners dir

The Responsibilities of Nurse managers Assignment

The Responsibilities of Nurse managers - Assignment Example Nurse empowerment also minimizes chances of employee burnout, being strained by work and, experiencing feelings of frustration and failure. Empowered nurses are not only motivated but also motivate other healthcare professionals by sharing the power tools and nurse managers should encourage this. Nurse empowerment can be used to build respect and trust in the workplace. The enhanced workplace aspects positively influence the behaviors and attitudes of nurses to a great extent because empowering workplaces increase feelings of organizational respect, justice and trust in management. This also encourages positive relationships with superiors, subordinates and peers within the workplace leading to the establishment of effective alliances. Nurse managers should, therefore, ensure the administration organizational justice through fair organizational processes and making of rational decisions, interpersonal justice through treatment of individuals with respect and dignity and, informationa l justice through the provision of quality and timely information. Nurse empowerment also increases autonomy among nurses which encourages them to bring out their special talents and apply them to improve the ways of accomplishing tasks in the workplace. Nurse managers should encourage and allow the expression of talents among nurses. Evaluation of staff retention tactics Good pay is a nice staff retention tactic. However, employees are not just concerned with salary. Instead, they seek for continual career advancement and learning opportunities. Nurse managers should, therefore, focus on paths to nurse advancement by understanding what is important for them in terms of their professional lives, and help them design their work and learning around that. They should also develop clear career paths for each nurse and help them set career goals frequently. Organizational credibility, employee treatment and work conditions are also very critical. Nurse managers should, therefore, ensure the provision of good work conditions, treat nurses as individuals, and advocate for the fulfillment of organizational pledges to employees. The ability to adjust to an organization is important thus nurse managers should ensure a smooth on board experience to assist new nurses adjust to the organization and become productive more quickly. Judgment of the importance of communication Effective and sufficient communication in nursing is important. It facilitates timely two way delivery of information between nurses, their superiors, patients and co-workers. It also allows nurses to obtain information from the patients, give them information and act as an effective liaison between the patient and the doctor. Nurse managers should, therefore, ensure the development of and assess communication skills among all nurses to ensure nurses are competent in giving and receiving information. This encompasses spoken language, proximity, eye-contact and therapeutic relationship and spatial awarene ss. Nurse managers should also note the things that can cause communication breakdown and plan to counter them, for example improper shift change among nurses, lack of trust, and conflict among nurses among others. They should also create an environment of confidence. Comparing challenges in the management of generational issues Today’

The First Nations of British Columbias South Coast Essay

The First Nations of British Columbias South Coast - Essay Example There are other issues discussed such as the historic Indian cultures that were identified by explorers (VirtualMuseum.Ca, 2008). Nevertheless, unlike the Southwest, the place lacked intensive archaeology that would be stimulated by the stone ruins; instead, there were potlatches, totem poles, masks, which depicted the prehistoric cultures attributed to clam shells. On the other hand, an analysis of the Blackman’s â€Å"Facing the Future, Envisioning the Past† (1990) explains the way contemporary Northwest Coast art was perceived as a result of revival that had commenced in 1960s. In fact, the Blackman (1990) argues that the bulk of contemporary art was focused on commercial market, given that the buyers were influenced by the meaning. Nevertheless, it is significant to acknowledge that historical archival photographs from the Northwest Coast are substantial resources to facilitate the analysis of the North coast art and material culture. Blackman offers a fascinating illustration of the Northwest Coast Art through publication of historical and contemporary photographs, research slides of museum collection piece. Chapter two focuses on the form in Northwest Coast Indian art, whereby the Holm (1983) explains that the styles identified in this area were partially derived from two-dimensional space. These entail a division of continuous process, which was attributed to both positive and negative from of silhouette and sculptures on the Northwest Coast. Moreover, the chapter indicates that Northwest was known for three-dimensional sculptural art and concept. Nevertheless, there chapter offers a description of the fundamental distinction between arts of various cultural groups on the Coast, and an illustration of the exemplary examples through a presentation of some of the early pieces (Holm, 1983). In fact, some of these pieces can be accessed via websites, which are hosted by leading

Impact Of Motivation On Organizational Change Management Essay

Impact Of Motivation On Organizational Change Management Essay This study focuses on a research topic Impact of motivation on organizational change, on the basis of the theories of Research Methodology for Business. The outline of the project will cover: Chapter 1 provides the background of the study underlining main objectives, questions and hypothesis of the study. Chapter 2 focuses on general definitions. Models and theories related to motivation, leadership style influencing motivation at time of change and communication process, methods and models will be reviewed and described. References Chapter 1 1. Introduction 1.1 Background Organizations are marked by constant changes taking place in its orientation, strategies and even structural set up. The workers need to constantly adapt themselves to such changes. This often cause stress on their mindset and affect their work quality. At this juncture it is important to shove away any misconception or doubts and bring back the trust, which is extremely essential for the organizational success. In order to achieve this, internal communication needs to be strong and effective. There is a possibility the motivation in the workforce might be restored through successful communication within the organization. Information Technology provides several options for this. E-mails, intranets and other innovations help in meeting the high demand of communication during such time of alteration within the organization (Wojtecki and Peters, 2000). Face to face communication also might help a lot to sort out the differences. There have been mostly separate studies about leadership and grapevine communication. According to McKenna (2000), leadership is an art that can get the optimum work required for the organization. The leader also communicates the organizations goals to his team members. He does not discuss about the communication that is more important between the leader and the team and the effectiveness when such communication occurs in an informal way that leads to more interaction and hence develops a bond with each employee and all together leads to commitment.   According to Robert E. Hoskisson, Organizational Structure specifies the firms formal reporting relationships, procedures, controls, and authority and decision making processes. (Hoskisson, 2008, p.100) This accrues to the basic framework of assigning roles, allocation of resources and provides a basis for cooperation, coordination and communication among the organizational hierarchy (Hoskisson, 2008). Harris and Hartman discuss the problems of Grapevine. According to them, it is not a dependable source and cannot provide full information and maybe distorted (Harris Hartman, 2002). In the article, Heard it through the grapevine: for communicating during change, facts and tips by Baxter-Southward, an extensive study has been done about grapevine communication- the negatives and the positives, and how to deal with this in organizations. However the right answer can be provided by a proper survey of the opinions of managers and workers. Whether such communication actually restores the faith and motivation and can assist in successful implementation of change will be explored in this research. 1.2 Objectives, research questions and research hypotheses The objective of this study is to deal with the issue relating to organizational behavior and organizational development. This study is to analyze whether the successful communication by the organization to its employees at the time of change will result in the motivated workforce and lead to successful change or not. Additionally, the research will analyze the effectiveness of good leadership and managerial as a means to improve to motivation, productivity, employee job satisfaction and commitment. The core objectives of the study are: To study the components of resistance to organizational change viewed from the workforce. To study the motivational factors to implement change successfully To investigate whether communication is the most critical factor in implementing change Based on objectives identified, the following questions are raised: What are the components of resistance to organizational change? What are the critical motivational factors in implementing change? Is communication the most critical factor in implementing change? Based on objectives, conceptualizing structure for this research has been developed. The main variables are evidently showed through coherent analysis in the structure. Based on this structure, the null and alternative hypotheses are developed as the followings: There is a set of components of resistance to change from the organization development theory. There are critical success factors in motivating workforce to accept change. The communication factor is most critical success factor in implementing change. 1.3 Scope Change is inevitable. Whether an employee is at the higher level of or at the lower level of an organization, one thing the employee can be sure of in the future is that there will be change. In this turbulent environment it is important for the managers to react quickly. Motivation of employees at the time of change via successful communication will lead to successful communication or not will be described. Moreover, it will be analyzed whether communication can or cannot bring a motivated workforce. Further more, the current research will be focused on essence of good leaders in motivating employees and increasing productivity. Chapter 2 2.1 Change and Change Management Success is not just for survival it must be achieved in a world of intense competition, continued globalization, and rapid technology change (Schermerhorn, 1996). Currently change has become the part and parcel of every organization to predict future trends and to forecast the changes that need to be encountered. Change is an ongoing process in every organization and for the organization to be successful and survive in a dynamic environment, it is important to have effective management of human resources(Mullin, 2005). People are the major resource of any organization (MULLINS, 2005). The efficiency of staff, their commitment towards the aims of the organization, and the skills and attitudes they bring to stand on the quality of service offered will undoubtedly affect the overall success of an organization (MULLINS, 2005) So in order to achieve success, it is vital for the organization to develop communication processes, motivation processes and a working environment that will help to ensure that individuals will deliver results in accordance with expectations of management. 2.1.1 Core Principals that revolves around change: According to Bernstein (2003) over 70 % of all organizational change efforts fail to meet expectation and delivered planned results. Before implementing change in an organization it is very important for the leader to understand the difference between the change and the transition process. Additionally, a leader should keep in mind that the success of change implementation process is a key driver of how organization will deal with changes, how changes are directed and administered by the leader. According to Barons Greenberg (1990) there several principals about change: People perception about change Individual barriers to change: Economic insecurity Fear to Unknown Threats to social relationship Habits Failure to recognize need for change Additionally Barons Greenberg (1990) listed the following organization barriers to change: Structural inertia Work group inertia Threat to existing balance of power Previously unsuccessful change efforts According to Bennis, Benne, Chin, R. (1985) there are several key drivers to change: Nature of workforce Competition Technology Economic Shocks Changing social trends World politics 2.1.2Classification of change Table 1-Classification of changes According to Ackerman (1997) there are three types of changes Source: http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/EAD/htmldocs/RMM06299.html 2.1.3 Organization Change Management Model As per the theory proposed by Kurt Lewin there are three stages in change process as illustrated in Table 2. Figure 1-Kurt Lewins Change model Change_modellewin Source: http://ic-pod.typepad.com/design_at_the_edge/organisational_change/ Table 2-Stages in Change Process Source: http://www.change-management-coach.com/kurt_lewin.html The research conducted by Hayes in the year 2002 shows that, most of the change management process models have three phases as illustrated in Figure 2. Figure 2-Change management Process Phases Source: http://www.change-management.com/tutorial-change-process-detailed.htm 2.1.4 Resistance to Change Figure 2-Resistance to Change Resist.JPG Resistance to change consists of any employee behavior designed to discredit, delay or prevent the implementation of work change. According to Kotter (1996) resistance to change is the action taken by individuals and groups when they perceive that a change that is occurring as a threat to them. Most of actions that are taken to manage change fail due to improper planning and implementation (Coriat, 2002).There are three different types of resistance among employees (Newstrom Davis, 1993) as illustrated in Table 3. Table 3-Types of Resistance Source: http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/changemmt/chngmgmt.htm According to Kotter Schlesinger (1979) there are four main reasons people in an organization resist change as described in Table 4: Table 4-Reaons for Change Source:http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_kotter_change_approaches.html Kotter Schlesinger (1979) suggested ways to deal with the changes which have been illustrated in Table 5. Table 5-Reaons for overcoming resistance to change Source:http://www.valuebasedmanagement.net/methods_kotter_change_approaches.html 2.1.5 Successful change vs. Unsuccessful change A study that is done by the Conference Board of Canada found that 66 percent of organizations that completed streamlining initiatives showed no instantaneous enhance in productivity; more than 50 percent realized no short-term profit improvement and only 30 percent actually lowered costs (Thompson McHugh, 2002). These are astounding figures that would be enough to dishearten any organization contemplating major strategic change. These results are common when organizations focus their change efforts and priorities on processes, finances and structures. There is no fool proof way of making all aspects of organizational change run flawlessly. However by valuing, respecting and communicating with people, by devoting as much effort and attention to the needs of employees, any organization is well on the way to managing change effectively (Sisson, 2002). When people are confronted with the need or opportunity to change, especially when its enforced, as they see it, by the organization, they can become emotional. So can the managers who try to manage the change (Nichols, 2000). Diffusing the emotional feelings, taking a step back, encouraging objectivity, is important to enabling sensible and constructive dialogue. To this end, managers and trainers can find it helpful to use analogies to assist themselves and other staff to look at change in a more detached way. Kotter (1996) identified eight key reasons for successful change as described in Table 6. Table 6-Successful Change Steps Description Increase Urgency Leader should set an example for there employees and should be proactive to the situation. So, that the leader can inspire people and can make real and relevant objectives. Building the guiding team Find a devoted team with right expressive dedication and right mix of skill. Get the vision right Find a team which will follow a simple vision and strategy and work on creative aspects. Communicate for Buy in Involve as many people as you can, communicate transparently and respond to people needs proactively. Use technology in favors of you and not against you. Empower action Eliminate obstacles, allow positive feedback and lots of shore up from leaders reward and recognize progress and achievements. Create short term wins Focus on short terms wins. Manage your initiates accordingly and prioritize your tasks. Finish current stages before jumping into new one. Dont Let up Encourage willpower and perseverance. Encourage ongoing process reporting, highlight achieved and future milestone. Make change stick Strengthen the importance of successful change via recruitment, promotion and new change leaders. Merge change into culture. Source: Kotter, J. P. (1996). Leading change. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press, 3-15. Additionally Kotter (1996) identified eight reasons of unsuccessful change processes: Allowing too much complacency Failing to build a substantial coalition Not understanding the need for a clear vision Permitting roadblocks against the vision Not planning for short term results and not realizing them Declaring victory too soon Fail to anchor changes in corporate culture 2.2 Role of Communication and Consultation at time of Change One of the common issues faced by the organization while under going change is to find the measures for effective communication with their employees. Leaders communication and consultation is important for every management function. The effective communication and consultation plans results in successful implementation of change. The steps for communication for effective change management have been illustrated in Table 7. Table 7-Steps for Successful Communication Source: http://humanresources.about.com/od/changemanagement/a/change_lessons2.htm 2.2.1Steps in Formal Consultation process Based on Schein (1999) research formal consultation process include following main steps as described in Table 8. Table 8-Steps in formal consultation Source: http://www.goodpracticeparticipate.govt.nz/levels-of-participation/one-off-consultation/steps-in-formal-consultation.html 2.3 Motivation The level of performance of employees relies not only on their actual skills but also on the level of motivation each person exhibits (Burney et al., 2007). Motivation is an inner drive or an external inducement to behave in some particular way, typically a way that will lead to rewards (Dessler, 1978). Over-achieving, talented employees are the driving force of all firms so it is essential that organizations strive to motivate and hold on to the best employees (Harrington, 2003). In a turbulent environment where changes take place very often, therefore it becomes important for managers to analyze the level of motivation of each employee. Every individual have their own set of reasons to get motivated. Some individuals are motivated by financial factors while others are motivated by non financial factors as illustrated in Figure 3. Motivation can be classified as external or internal motivation. Finishing deadline on time is an example of external motivation. The fear of loosing a job in case of uncompleted task is an example of internal motivation. Both the external and internal motivation is equally powerful. Figure 3-Financial and Non Financial Motivators The four most powerful type of motivation that can influence an individual are listed in Table 9. Table 9-Types of Motivation Human beings are complex in nature, and are usually motivated by a combination of four elements. Figure 4 illustrates 4 types of motivation, which come together to produce four key areas for the managers to focus on when trying to motivate their employees. Figure 4-Four key elements of motivation ` Source : http://www.wishfulthinking.co.uk/2009/02/11/motivation-during-a-recession/ 2.3.1 Major Theories of Motivation Motivation is not only in a single direction i.e. downwards. In the present scenario, where the workforce is more informed, more aware, more educated and goal oriented, the role of motivation has left the boundaries of the hierarchy of management. The Figure below shows the major theories of motivation that can be applied in the working environment as well on the employees to see the impact of motivation on the organization as a whole. Figure 5-Theories of Motivation Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Figure 6-Maslows hierarchy of needs By applying Maslows theory of motivation, modern leaders and managers find way of employee motivation for the reason of worker and workforce management. According to Maslow the humans are motivated by unsatisfied needs and the needs which are at low level should be satisfied initially and then the higher order need should be looked upon. As given in Figure 6 there are five general needs of the humans that should be satisfied before the human start behaving unselfishly. Therefore, in a real work time scenario it becomes important for the leader to understand which needs is currently active for an individual employee motivation. Herzbergs Two Factor Theory Figure 7-Hygiene and Motivation factor Source:http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/figures/1472-6920-9-49-1.jpg The psychologist Fredrick Herzberg asked the questions from employees in the year 1950s and 60s for understanding employee satisfaction. The results of its finding revealed that there are some factors of a job which are constantly connected to job satisfaction, while dissimilar factors are linked with job dissatisfaction. The hygiene and motivation factors are illustrated in Figure 7. To apply Herzbergs theory, managers need to take up a two stage process to motivate people. Firstly, managers need eliminate the dissatisfactions the employees are experiencing and, secondly, managers need to help employees to find satisfaction. Equity Theory/ Social Comparison Theory Figure 8-Equity Theory Source: http://www.businessballs.com/adamsequitytheory.htm Equity theory states that employee always tend to compare the situation (Outcomes) they get while working in relation to what they invested (Inputs). Additionally they also willing to compare what are the ratio between what they get from what they put in. Moreover people also attempt to compare their input and outputs with their coworkers as illustrated below. Figure 8-Equity Comparison Source: http://www.businessballs.com/adamsequitytheory.htm 2.4Summary According to the literature the change must be consulted at the same time practices show that change can only be successful with proper consultation and internal communication process. Literature of this study suggests that it is important to implement changes with proper implementation strategy, internal communication and consultation in order to achieve goals and avoid failed change, poor morale and resistance to further change.

Wilderness and Adventure Education Essay -- Education

There are two different parts of the Wilderness Sports and Adventure Education model. The Wilderness sports part of it includes the students participating in various activities such as canoeing, rock climbing and hiking. They are not traditional sports because the athletic ability of the student is not as important as it would be in traditional physical education activity. For example, a child may not be able to kick a soccer ball very well or throw a softball accurately but they would be able to hike up a mountain. Not all schools are able to do these activities because they are lacking the recourses or money. However all schools can participate the in the Adventure Education part of the model. The reason being is because they don’t need the equipment to go canoeing or the environment to have the trails to go hiking. All the teacher needs to participate in Adventure education is a few obstacles to help students with different skills and the student’s cooperation. The Wilderness Sports teaching model is unique from other teaching models. Not every school has the resources or the time in the curriculum to provide students with the opportunity to perform the Wilderness Sports such as cycling, hiking or rock climbing. This gives the chance for the school to come up with extra-curricular activities for the students that otherwise wouldn’t be able to do during the school day. A great extra-curricular activity would be mountain biking. Biking is a great way to stay in shape and go for an adventure at the same time. It also provides bonding time with the teacher and the student which is very important. â€Å"We began taking rides together. The students would show me new trails, and I would show them the ones I was familiar with. The bike rid... ...o it is only done by people who want to participate so they already have something in common. In Adventure Education the team has to work together so the students can make friends that way. This is a teaching model that all physical education teachers should try to incorporate into the curriculum. Works Cited Darst, Paul W., and Robert P. Pangrazi. Dynamic Physical Education for Secondary School Students. San Francisco: Pearson Education, 2002 McCracken, Bane. It's Not Just Gym Anymore Teaching Secondary School Students How to Be Active for Life. Champaign: Human Kinetics, 2001 Cummiskey, Matthew. "The New PE Homepage." The New PE Homepage. West Chester University. Web. 03 Apr. 2012. . "Welcome to Project Adventure, Leaders In Adventure and Experience-based Learning." Project Adventure. Web. 03 Apr. 2012. .